According to the Astronomical calendar, which relates to the Earth’s orbit around the Sun, autumn officially began on Friday 23rd September, the autumn equinox, to end on Wednesday 21st December, the winter solstice.
An equinox is where there are equal hours of day and night, which occurs twice a year in spring and autumn. A solstice is where the Sun appears to reach either its highest or lowest point in the sky for the year. The winter solstice is the shortest day of the year, as the Earth is tilted at its furthest point from the Sun.
However, there is another calendar called the Meteorological calendar, which was planned to coincide with our Gregorian calendar. The Meteorological calendar splits the year into 4, with 3 months in each period. This means that according to the Meteorological calendar, autumn begins on September 1st every year and continues until the end of November, with winter beginning in December.
The Meteorological calendar is fixed, so the dates of each season are the same every year, whereas with the Astronomical calendar the dates change every year as it is dependent on the Earth’s position in relation to the Sun.
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